A new preprint on arXiv describes computational calculations that explore what happens when water molecules are hit with intense X-ray pulses. Researchers calculated charge distributions on oxygen ions, created Newton diagrams tracking protons and oxygen ions at various charge states, and estimated the released kinetic energy using a specific simulation code tuned to match earlier experimental parameters; as a preprint it is not yet peer-reviewed, relies entirely on modeling rather than new lab data, and does not report experimental sample sizes. The work offers predictions for different radiation pulse settings. Source: https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.24757