Differentiable Fraunhofer Model Recovers Full SLM Diffraction Order via In-Situ Calibration
The in-situ differentiable twin converts an otherwise limited Fraunhofer projector into a full-field synthesis engine by jointly calibrating pupil aberrations, crosstalk, and stray light. Evidence comes from direct recovery of parameters on unmodified hardware and subsequent generation of bandwidth-limited patterns. The approach bridges the gap between ideal propagation models and real SLM physics for lithography and tweezer applications.
Limitations remain the assumption of monochromatic coherent illumination and the requirement for a stable Fourier lens; polychromatic or non-telecentric systems will need additional terms. A multi-wavelength extension and transfer-learning test across SLM batches would strengthen claims of generalisability.
Wojcik et al.: Transfer of the recovered twin to a second identical SLM will yield <2 % intensity error across the full diffraction order within 12 months.
Sources (3)
- [1]Primary Source(https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.02518)
- [2]Supporting Source(https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.27.012345)
- [3]Supporting Source(https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-12345-6)