Google researchers identified specific cryptographic implementations in cryptocurrency systems vulnerable to quantum attacks via Shor's algorithm on elliptic curve discrete logarithms. The team conducted responsible disclosure by privately notifying affected parties before public release, according to the primary source. https://research.google/blog/safeguarding-cryptocurrency-by-disclosing-quantum-vulnerabilities-responsibly/

NIST has standardized post-quantum algorithms including ML-KEM and ML-DSA following a multi-year evaluation process that began in 2016. Related research includes the 2017 analysis by Aggelos Kiayias on quantum threats to Bitcoin key exposure when public keys are revealed in transactions. https://csrc.nist.gov/projects/post-quantum-cryptography

Google's disclosure process followed established vulnerability reporting timelines, providing mitigation windows for wallet providers and blockchain projects to implement quantum-resistant signature schemes before large-scale quantum computers become available.